PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science is a digital

data library A data library, data archive, or data repository is a collection of numeric and/or geospatial data sets for secondary use in research. A data library is normally part of a larger institution (academic, corporate, scientific, medical, governmenta ...

and a data publisher for

earth system science Earth system science (ESS) is the application of systems science to the Earth. In particular, it considers interactions and 'feedbacks', through material and energy fluxes, between the Earth's sub-systems' cycles, processes and "spheres"—atmos ...

. Data can be

georeference Georeferencing means that the internal coordinate system of a map or aerial photo image can be related to a geographic coordinate system. The relevant coordinate transforms are typically stored within the image file ( GeoPDF and GeoTIFF are exam ...

d in time (date/time or geological age) and space (latitude, longitude, depth/height). Scientific data are archived with related metainformation in a relational database (

Sybase Sybase, Inc. was an enterprise software and services company. The company produced software to manage and analyze information in relational databases, with facilities located in California and Massachusetts. Sybase was acquired by SAP in 2010; ...

) through an editorial system. Data are in

Open Access Open access (OA) is a set of principles and a range of practices through which research outputs are distributed online, free of access charges or other barriers. With open access strictly defined (according to the 2001 definition), or libre op ...

and are distributed through web services in standard formats on the Internet through various search engines and portals. Data set descriptions (metadata) are conform to the

ISO 19115 Geospatial metadata (also geographic metadata) is a type of metadata applicable to geographic data and information. Such objects may be stored in a geographic information system (GIS) or may simply be documents, data-sets, images or other objects, ...

standard and are served in various further formats (e.g. Directory Interchange Format,

Dublin Core 220px, Logo image of DCMI, which formulates Dublin Core The Dublin Core, also known as the Dublin Core Metadata Element Set (DCMES), is a set of fifteen "core" elements (properties) for describing resources. This fifteen-element Dublin Core has ...

). They include a bibliographic citation and are persistently identified using

Digital Object Identifier A digital object identifier (DOI) is a persistent identifier or handle used to uniquely identify various objects, standardized by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). DOIs are an implementation of the Handle System; they a ...

s (DOI). Identifier provision and long-term availability of data sets via library catalogs is ensured through a cooperation with the

German National Library of Science and Technology The German National Library of Science and Technology (german: Technische Informationsbibliothek), abbreviated TIB, is the national library of the Federal Republic of Germany for all fields of engineering, technology, and the natural sciences. I ...

(TIB). Retrieval of data sets is provided through a

full text search In text retrieval, full-text search refers to techniques for searching a single computer-stored document or a collection in a full-text database. Full-text search is distinguished from searches based on metadata or on parts of the original texts r ...

engine (based on

Apache Lucene Apache Lucene is a free and open-source search engine software library, originally written in Java by Doug Cutting. It is supported by the Apache Software Foundation and is released under the Apache Software License. Lucene is widely used as ...

/ panFMP). For efficient data compilations a

data warehouse In computing, a data warehouse (DW or DWH), also known as an enterprise data warehouse (EDW), is a system used for Business reporting, reporting and data analysis and is considered a core component of business intelligence. DWs are central Repos ...

is operated. Data descriptions are available through various protocols (

OAI-PMH The Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH) is a protocol developed for harvesting metadata descriptions of records in an archive so that services can be built using metadata from many archives. An implementation of OAI- ...

Web Catalog Service Catalogue Service for the Web (CSW), sometimes seen as Catalogue Service - Web, is a standard for exposing a catalogue of geospatial records in XML on the Internet (over HTTP). The catalogue is made up of records that describe geospatial data (e.g. ...

). PANGAEA is hosted by the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Bremerhaven and the

MARUM – Center for Marine Environmental Sciences Marum () is a town and a former municipality in the northeastern Netherlands. The municipality was merged into the municipality of Westerkwartier on 1 January 2019. History Marum is located in the peat area, and was an agricultural village. It ...

, Bremen in Germany. The system is used by various international research projects from public funding as data repository and by the

World Data Center for Marine Environmental Sciences In its most general sense, the term "world" refers to the totality of entities, to the whole of reality or to everything that is. The nature of the world has been conceptualized differently in different fields. Some conceptions see the worl ...

(WDC-MARE) as long-term archive. The system was initially developed since 1987 and is operational on the Internet since 1995. The

MediaWiki MediaWiki is a free and open-source wiki software. It is used on Wikipedia and almost all other Wikimedia websites, including Wiktionary, Wikimedia Commons and Wikidata; these sites define a large part of the requirement set for MediaWiki ...

software is used to operate a

wiki A wiki ( ) is an online hypertext publication collaboratively edited and managed by its own audience, using a web browser. A typical wiki contains multiple pages for the subjects or scope of the project, and could be either open to the pu ...

as PANGAEA manual and reference. PANGAEA is also listed in re3data.org.

References

* Diepenbroek, M., Grobe, H., Reinke, M., Schindler, U., Schlitzer, R., Sieger, R., Wefer, G. (2002) ''PANGAEA - an information system for environmental sciences'', Computers & Geosciences, ''28(10)'', 1201–1210, . * König-Langlo, G., Gernandt, H.(2009) ''Compilation of ozonesonde profiles from the Antarctic station Georg-Forster from 1985 to 1992'', Earth System Science Data, ''1'',1-5, (Example of a data publication with PANGAEA, corresponding data set: ).

External links

PANGAEA home page

Manual ''PangaWiki''

Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research
(AWI)
MARUM – Center for Marine Environmental Sciences
(MARUM) {{DEFAULTSORT:Pangaea (Data Library) German digital libraries Bibliographic databases and indexes Earth system sciences